Nrog rau kev thov kom pom lub hnub pom qhov tsaus ntuj nyob rau hauv qhov kev ruaj ntseg video keb soj ntsuam qhov project, infrared koob yees duab tau nkag mus hauv khw muag khoom hauv lub koob yees duab, thiab qhov muag tau nce hnub ntawm hnub. Cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov cov cuab yeej nruab nrab ntawm qhov muag pom kev infrared yog maj mam raug.
Qhov tseeb, kev siv lub tshuab nruab hnub hmo ntuj yog ib qho kev siv tshuab optoelectronic uas tsim caij ntuj pom los ntawm kev siv optoelectronic imaging devices. Nws muaj lub zeem muag pom kev tsaus ntuj thiab pom kev hauv duab hluav taws xob thaum tsaus ntuj: lub teeb pom kev tsis pom kev nruab hnub hmo ntuj yog ib lub hom phiaj nruab hnub hmo ntuj uas muaj duab zoo li lub raj, uas ua tau zoo rau cov duab tsis muaj zog tuaj ntawm lub teeb pom kev kaj. Photoelectric imaging technology. Ntawm no tsuas yog tham txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nruab nrab hmo ntuj pom, uas yog ib hom kev pom lub nruab hnub hmo ntuj uas pom qhov tseeb los ntawm kev siv lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub teeb duab infrared qhov chaw. Cov khoom siv coj los siv ua haujlwm sab qaum pom kev ua haujlwm sab nrauv, thiab cov tub ntxhais muaj lub koob yees duab sab nraud.
Ua ke nrog cov teeb ci duab teeb ci, lub koob yees duab ntawm cov duab uas tsis thaij duab yees duab CCD los yog CMOS duab sensor thiab lub lens xav tau ntawm cov duab duab yog peb lub ntsiab tseem ceeb uas ua tus thawj lub koob yees duab infrared hmo saib.
Ua ntej, qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov teeb ci qhov muag hluav taws xob
Teeb pom kev zoo yog qhov pom tsis pom kev nrog muaj lub qhov ntev tshaj 780 nm. Feem ntau, muaj peb txoj hau kev ua qhov pom tsis pom kev.
1. Siv lub teeb ci sab qaum ntawm cov roj teeb lossis lub xenon ncaj qha. Ntawd yog qhov pom lub teeb pom kev zoo nyob rau ntawm ob lub teeb txhawm rau lim tawm pom qhov pom kev, thiab tsuas yog sab hauv duab liab sab hauv pom;
2. Siv qhov muag teeb ci ntsa iab uas muaj emitting diode LEDs lossis LED arrays los ua kom muaj teeb meem hluav taws xob. Cov khoom siv ua hluav taws xob ua kom muaj teeb meem los ntawm recombining electrons thiab qhov nyob rau hauv lub gallium arsenide (GaAs) semiconductor;
3. Siv sab lens infrared LD, kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua cov teeb ci qhov ci ntsa iab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj siab lossis pom cov khoom hluav taws xob hauv lub zog qis zog kom muaj zog dua lub zog, thiab tswj lub teeb hluav taws xob ua kom lub teeb ci ntom ntsa los ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov khoom loj thiab cov resonating.
Thawj hom teeb ci teeb yog lub thermal infrared teeb qhov, thiab nws qhov loj tshaj plaws yog tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub hwjchim loj thiab qhov loj ntawm lub qhov muag, kom qhov kev nruj nrhav yog ntev. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog tias nws muaj pom pom lub nrig, uas yog, muaj cua daj cua dub, thiab lub neej kev ua haujlwm luv. Yog tias koj ua haujlwm 10 teev toj ib hnub, 5000 xuab moos tsuas siv tau rau ntau tshaj ib xyoos. Yog tias koj xav tias cov hluav taws kub tsis txaus, qhov kev cia siab ntawm lub neej yog luv luv. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho lub neej ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob teeb, ib lub teeb nruas hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau siv kom txo tau cov sijhawm ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, ncua sij hawm hloov qeeb tau ntxiv rau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ambient lub teeb.
Qhov thib ob yog ib lub teeb ci teeb ci teeb ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob muaj roj thaxim arsenide LED array, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho kev sib txuas nrog lub teeb ci ntsa iab LEDArray uas tam sim no tsim tau siv lub tshuab tshiab. Nws LED-Array muaj ib qho kev tsim zis ntawm 800mw-1000mw, uas tau dhau los ua ib qho kev hloov rau cov qauv zoo tib yam. LED-Array muaj ib nrab-lub hwj chim ntawm 10-120 ° (nce lub kaum sab xis).
Txij li thaum lub LED-Array yog ib qho kev ua qauv siv siab thiab qhov loj me me tsuas yog ib lub npib nyiaj xwb, nws tuaj yeem ci ntsa iab tag nrho sab hauv tsev, nrog ib lub neej ntawm 50,000 xuab moos. Nws yog siv hauv aviation aircraft. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, vim yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pej xeem hmo ntuj saib xyuas kev lag luam, LED-Array tau maj mam tsiv mus rau kev ua lag luam pej xeem, ua qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev zov hmo ntuj zoo.
Txawm hais tias muaj teeb meem hauv hluav taws xob thiab LED-Arrays tau tshem tawm thermal thim sab hauv lub teeb, infrared LD lub teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum tau xaiv rau saib xyuas ultra-long-range scenes ntawm ntau tshaj 1 km. Vim tias semiconductor lasers muaj ntau dua ci ntsa iab thiab zoo tshaj qhov teeb meem dua li cov LEDs.
Feem ntau, xyuam xim rau cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no thaum xaiv ib qho chaw hauv hluav taws xob.
Ib qho kev xaiv kom pom kev sib tw ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm infrared teeb yuav tsum cia tawm
Thaum xaiv ib lub teeb ntais teeb ci, ua tib zoo saib rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nominal nrug thiab qhov kev nrhav kev nrhau. Vim tias qee cov chaw lag luam muaj ib qhov chaw pom loj, muaj kev twv yuav tsum tau muaj thaum xaiv qhov teeb meem ntawm IR irradiation, thiab yuav tsum muaj cov paj zoo dua kom ua rau lub teeb pom kev ntawm qhov pom tau zoo.
B. Lub hauv paus ntawm qhov chaw tam sim no yuav tsum raug xaiv.
Vim hais tias cov LED yog ib yam khoom siv tam sim no, nws txoj kev luminance thiab lub zog muaj feem xyuam rau tus tsav tam sim no, tsis yog qhov hluav taws xob. Yog li, thiaj li yuav ua kom lub luminous siv tas li, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv lub teeb pom kev los ntawm qhov qub tam sim no.
C, xaiv ib qhov chaw muaj cua sov zoo
Vim hais tias lub teeb-emitting tube muaj teeb meem kub kub thiab cua sov dissipation, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub teeb qhov chaw nrog lub zog loj zog yog loj, yog li ntawd nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xaiv ib lub teeb ci nrog zoo cua dissipation kom paub meej ruaj ntseg thiab txhim khu kev lag luam.
D. Siv lub teeb ci teeb ci ntsa iab nrog lub hwjchim txuas hluav taws xob ntawm kev tswj lub teeb hloov qhov kev tswj ntawm qhov kev tswj thiab kev sib cais ntawm lub teeb rooj
Vim tias qhov fais fab ntawm lub teeb hluav taws xob ntawm lub teeb ntais teeb uas tsis sib cais ntawm lub teeb phom, cov cua kub los ntawm kev lag luam ntawm lub teeb-emitting tube cuam tshuam cov kev ua ntawm kev tivthaiv ntawm lub hwjchim txuas hluav taws xob, uas ua rau lub teeb pom kev ntawm lub teeb-emitting raj ua unstable. Nrog lub voj voog ntawm txoj kev hloov lub teeb taws, lub teeb ci teeb ci tau ua. Cov teeb ci tawm thaum nruab hnub thiab qhib thaum tsaus ntuj.
E, los xaiv cov teeb ci teeb ci raws li kev soj ntsuam nrug
Vim hais tias cov infrared LED tau mounted ntawm lub lens, nws yuav siv nrog lub koob yees duab infrared los yog ncaj qha rau ntawm casing ncig lub koob yees duab thiab lens interface. Obviously, cov no ob sibtham muaj tsawg dua infrared LEDs, thiab qhov deb lawv muaj illuminated yog yeej tsis kom deb li deb li ntawd ntawm ib cov infrared teeb LED teeb. Feem ntau, ntau tshaj 50m, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv ib lub teeb ci ntsa iab cais, thiab lwm LD yog siv rau lub zeem muag tsaus ntuj ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas scene nrog ib ncua deb ntawm ntau tshaj 1km, tab sis lub nqaj ntawm LD yog nyias thiab muaj zog, yog li tias qhov teeb meem infrared illuminates ib co ntau ntawm scenes, siv Nws tseem yog tsim nyog los nthuav lub beam los ntawm ib tug beam expander lens.
Thib ob, kev xaiv lub koob yees duab
Tam sim no, lub koob yees duab ntawm cov duab ciav hlau muaj ob hom kev CMOS thiab CCD. Ib yam li cov CCD, CMOS duab sensor nti kuj teb rau cov duab teeb ci ntsa iab, tiam sis nws tseem rhiab ntau dua li CCD duab sensor nti rau hauv 890-980 nm ntau yam, thiab qhov gradient ntawm attenuation qeeb raws li lub wavelength nce. Nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm CMOS duab chips, lub teeb liab nrov tau ntxiv lawm, thiab lub hnub qub CMOS cameras kuj tau muaj. Yog li, nws tsis yog tas rau cov kev xaiv ntawm CCD lub koob thaij duab, thiab muaj peev xwm siv tau los xaiv lawv qhov kev tsim nyog. Feem ntau, cov ntsiab lus xaiv ntawm lub koob yees duab infrared yog raws li nram no.
IB, yuav tsum xaiv lub koob yees duab tsis kam siv lub teeb pom kev zoo, nws cov kev cai tswj xeeb yog feem ntau ≤ 0.02Lux
Qee cov khw lag luam lossis cov neeg muag khoom tsis kam qhia txog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus illumination, yog li ntawd pom kev tsaus ntuj zoo nrawm heev, yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los sim.
Cov koob yees duab luminous thiab star-level sensitization yuav ua hauj lwm hauv cov tsaus nti, tab sis qee thaj chaw uas muaj cov kev xav me me tseem tsis muaj, xws li cov qhov chaw, cov chaw ntsuab, thiab cov cheeb tsam hav zoov. Hauv qhov no, lub teeb pom kev zoo uas tsis tshua pom kev tsaus ntuj ncaj nraim nrog lub vaj huam sib luag fiber ntau thiab lub teeb lub ntsej muag los ntawm kev siv duab ua kom siab zog thiab CCIR dub thiab dawb CCD yuav tsum tau ua. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, qhov tsawg dua lub illumination, qhov zoo dua. Vim nws tsis yog standardized tam sim no, nws tsis yooj yim sua ntseeg tias qhov tsawg kawg illumination ntawm lub Hoobkas yog nominal. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los kuaj nyob rau hauv cov tswv yim. Feem ntau, qhov yuav tsum tau muaj lub teeb taws feem ntau yog ≤ 0.02 Lux.
B. Qhov loj ntawm lub koob yees duab infrared yees duab sensor yog loj li sai tau.
Vim hais tias 1/4 CCD tsis tuaj yeem siv tau rau qhov pom kev deb ntawm sab qaum ntuj ntawm sab qaum 15m, vim hais tias cov luminous flux ntawm 1/4 CCD tsuas yog 50% ntawm 1/3 CCD. Qhov loj ntawm lub CCD loj loj, thiab qhov tau txais qhov teeb meem luminous loj heev; CCD qhov loj me me, thiab cov neeg tau txais txiaj ntsim tau txais kev pab cuam me me. Yog li ntawd, lub koob yees duab tsis pom kev hmo ntuj xaiv 1/2 ntawm CCD, thiab 1/3 ntawm CCD tuaj yeem kuaj, tab sis nws tsis muaj peev xwm xaiv tau 1/4.
C, lub koob yees duab infrared yuav tsum muaj kev siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo thiab qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog (AGC) muaj nuj nqi
Vim tias cov kev khiav dej num no, lub teeb liab raug hloov kho kom zoo dua rau lub xeev kom ua tau raws li cov kev soj ntsuam.
D, yuav tsum tau npog lub ntees xaiv CMOS ultra-minimal yees
Vim tias nws tsis muaj lub zog siv, muaj kev koom ua ke, thiab loj me, tsuas yog CMOS duab sensors yuav siv tau, yog li nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub tsho khawm thiab lub khob khawm koob CMOS lub koob yees duab. Coupled nrog lub miniaturization ntawm coj lub infrared qhov chaw thiab cov kev taw qhia ntawm high-kev ua tau roj teeb, peb lub qhov muag yuav qhov txhia chaw. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, nrog ib ob peb hmo pom qhov tsom iav thiab ib lub kaus mom nrog ib qho chaw tawg paj qhua thiab CMOS ultra-miniature koob yees duab, hmo yuav ua dawb. Obviously, qhov no yuav hloov lub ntsej muag ntawm peb lub neej tag nrho.
E, txuam lub koob yees duab nrog lub hwj huam me me
Kev xaiv ntawm lub hwj huam khoom ntawm lub koob yees duab yuav tsum them nyiaj rau cov lus hauv qab no ob.
1. Xaiv lub hwjchim uas muaj zog. Vim tias AC220V ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog tsis ruaj khov, yog tias tsuas yog siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog 12V xaiv thiab tsis ruaj khov, lub voj voog nyob rau hauv lub koob yees duab yuav tsis ruaj khov, uas yuav ua rau lub koob yees duab tsis ruaj tsis khov thiab qhov yuav tsum ua kom ua tsis raws li cov kev cai.
2. Nws zoo dua los xaiv lub hwj huam me me uas ntau tshaj ob lub koob yees duab ntawm lub koob yees duab. Yog hais tias tam sim no ntawm lub koob yees duab yog 200mA los yog 250mA, nws yog feem ntau txaus xaiv 500mA. Yog tias qhov xaiv loj dhau, xws li 1A rau ib lub koob yees duab, lub ntim loj heev thiab tus nqi yuav kim heev; Yog tias nws tsis tshua muaj me ntsis, tam sim no ntawm lub koob yees duab yuav kub (vim hais tias lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev dhau lawm ntev) thiab cuam tshuam kev ntseeg thiab kev ua haujlwm.
Qhov peb, qhov xaiv ntawm lub lens, thiab lwm yam.
Lub koob yees duab lens yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm lub koob yees duab infrared. Qhov zoo (qhia tau) ncaj qha rau cov teebmeem kev siv ntawm lub system. Yog li ntawd, seb qhov kev xaiv qhov lens yog qhov tsim nyog rau qhov zoo thiab qhov nqi hluav taws xob. Yog li ntawd, xyuam xim rau cov lus hauv qab no thaum xaiv ib lub lens:
A, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm infrared lens
Vim qhov lens optical lens, infrared teeb reflected rov qab rau lub lens ntawm tus kwv tsis tau zoo focused rau lub CCD phiaj nto, thiab infrared hmo ua rau pom kev zoo heev txo, ces nws yog preferable siv cov infrared lens. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov xim dub-xa cov koob yees duab dub, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua rau qhov chaw nruab hnub tsis pub siv focal dav hlau tsis siv lub lens infrared, thiaj li tsis muaj hnub thiab hmo cov duab yuav tsis muaj tseeb.
B. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm lub lens xaiv yog qhov zoo ib yam li qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov duab sensor hauv lub koob yees duab.
Qhov loj ntawm lub lens xaiv yuav tsum yog tib yam li qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov duab sensor hauv lub koob yees duab. Yog hais tias qhov luaj li cas ntawm daim duab sensor yog 1/2 ", qhov loj me me ntawm lub lens yuav tsum yog 1/2".
Thaum pom qhov loj ntawm lub lens loj tshaj qhov loj ntawm lub koob yees duab ntawm cov duab nto, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas yuav tsis muaj cuam tshuam dab tsi, tiam sis qhov tseeb qhov muag pom me me tshaj li qhov pom ntawm lub lens, thiab thaum muaj qhov loj me lub lens yog me dua li ntawm lub koob thaij Thaum lub me me me, nws yuav cuam tshuam cov duab, thiab cov duab nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub lens bar, thiab cov ces dub tshwm ntawm plaub lub ces kaum ntawm daim duab.
Nws tuaj yeem pom tau hais tias yog 1/3 "koob yees duab, 1/3", 1/2 "thiab 2/3" lo ntsiab muag yuav raug xaiv; rau 1/2 "koob yees duab, 1/2", 2/3 "lub lens, tab sis tsis yog 1/3 lens Vim tias qhov CCD zoo li lub qhov muag tib neeg, lub lens yog zoo li neeg lub tsom iav, tsom iav me me, qhov muag yuav tsis pom cov khoom puag ncig.
C, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv lens thiab lub koob yees duab interface nruab nrab
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub lens thiab lub koob yees duab yog ntsia ob hom: C-hom thiab CS-hom. Qhov ob yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Yog tias koj xaiv hom C-Type, koj yuav tsum ntxiv 5 hli tuab ntiv nplhaib. Yog tias koj txuas ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub koob yees duab CS interface tsis tau ntxiv lub nplhaib, daim iav rear qhov lens ntawm lub lens yuav kov cov iav tiv thaiv ntawm CCD, uas yuav ua kev puas tsuaj rau CCD lub koob yees duab. Qhov no yog kev pom zoo tshwj xeeb hauv kev siv.
D, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau koj xaiv ib qho kev siv lub lens tsis siv neeg los hloov kom muaj kev hloov loj hauv hnub thiab hmo ntuj
Vim lub hnub thiab hmo saib, lub teeb pom kev zoo sib txawv dav, yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv ib qho pib lub lens uas nws tau hloov raws li lub teeb pom kev zoo kom cov duab meej.
E, lub lens daws teeb meem thiab kev xa tawm yuav tsum muaj raws li cov kev cai
Kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev siv lens siv yuav tsum yog ntau tshaj qhov teeb meem ntawm lub koob yees duab, txwv tsis pub lub ntsej muag yuav tsum ua tiav. Thiab lub lens ntawm lub lens nyob rau hauv lub lens yog zoo dua, uas yog, lub attenuation ntawm lub teeb yog heev me me.
F, xyuas nrug ntawm ntau tshaj 1 km, tseem yuav tsum tau siv laser beam expansion collimating lens
Raws li qhov loj thiab nrug ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tau pom, xaiv qhov tsim nyog laser tsim kabmob nrom lem kom lub laser nqaj yuav taws qhov scene yuav tsum tau saib xyuas, yog li ntawd lub reflected teeb ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas scene tau txais los ntawm lub koob yees duab.
G. Ua zoo saib rau lub hau kev tiv thaiv ntawm qhov rais iav nrog kev ua tau zoo.
Ntxiv rau kev xaiv cov teeb ci ntsa iab, koob yees duab, thiab lo ntsiab muag, koj yuav tsum tau mloog zoo rau cov kev xav tau ntawm kev tiv thaiv npog thiab hwj chim khoom. Vim tias qhov tiv thaiv npog muaj cov nyhuv ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm infrared teeb, xws li infrared lub teeb kis los ntawm kev tshaj tawm, kev xa tawm thiab kev xav tau zoo sib xws. Piv txwv, qhov txawv qhov rai iav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv defrost coated iav, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm infrared teeb, sib txawv li no yuav tsum tau xaiv kom tau ib qho kev tiv thaiv npog nrog qhov rai zoo qhov rai.
Plaub, xaus
Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov saum toj no hais tias peb qhov chaw thooj av sab hluav taws xob muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, tab sis qhov thermal infrared teeb qhov yog qhov tshem tawm ntawm infrared LED thiab LED-Array teeb qhov chaw. Vim tias LED-Array tuaj yeem siv los qhia siab rau qhov deb ntawm ntau pua meters ntawm kev saib xyuas cov duab. Raws li lub ultra-ntev-nruas saib scene ntawm 1km los yog ntau tshaj, nws yog zoo dua los siv ib lub teeb ci LD teeb ci. Vim nws txoj kev ci ci siab, ib qho LD saum ntau LEDs, yog li qhov teeb meem ntawm infrared LD teeb pom kev me me thiab lub teeb, uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws xaiv rau ultra ntev nrug.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv qhov kev xaiv ntawm infrared koob yees duab yog qhov tiav tiav. Ntxiv rau kev xaiv lub teeb ci teeb ci qhov muag, qhov sib txuam ntawm lub koob yees duab, lub lens, kev npog tiv thaiv, lub hwj chim, thiab lwm yam yuav tsum raug suav hais tias yog comprehensively. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev xaiv cov ntsiab lus xaiv tau hais nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov nyhuv nrog ib nrab ntawm kev siv zog.